Don’t ingest any ingredients

Experiment #1: Learning the freezing point of water

Supplies:

Mini bundt cake mold

Water

Bird food

String

Instructions:

  1. Put water into a mini bundt cake mold. Regular tap water usually is 44 degrees Fahrenheit.
  2. Shake a little bit of the bird feed into the mold. Save some if you want to make multiple bird feeder ornaments. To create the ornament, we need to bring the water’s temperature to 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
  3. Place the mold into the freezer. Your freezer can get as low as 0 degrees Fahrenheit and will freeze your ornament in place. Wait 24 hours and pull out your ornament. Usually, tap water will freeze after 3-4 hours.
  4. Pop your ornament out of the mold and, put string through the middle & tie.
  5. Hang it on a tree for the birds to enjoy.

Experiment #2: What works best at melting ice?

For this experiment, we’ll be focusing on how to get ice to heat up and melt the fastest.

Supplies:

4 plastic mini cups

Water

1 Tablespoon of Table Salt (Labeled T)

1 Tablespoon of Kosher Salt (Labeled K)

1 Tablespoon of Ice Melts (Labeled P & TM)

Timer

Permanent Marker

Instructions:

  1. Take each plastic mini cup, fill it to the bottom lip, make sure all cups are even, and place lids on them. Mark the water at the bottom of the lip as your starting point for the experiment.
    Put them in the freezer until frozen.
  2. Take out one of the frozen cups and put it in your plastic cup of Table Salt (Labeled T). Start your timer once the whole cup is on top of your ice cup. Time for 10 minutes, and once done, mark where the ice is now on your cup, looking at where it started and ended.
  3. Take out one of the frozen cups and put it in your plastic cup of Kosher Salt (Labeled K). Start your timer once the whole cup is on top of your ice cup. Time for 10 minutes, and once done, mark where the ice is now on your cup, looking at where it started and ended.
  4. Take out one of the frozen cups and put it in your plastic cup of Ice Melts (Labeled P). Start your timer once the whole cup is on top of your ice cup. Time for 10 minutes, and once done, mark where the ice is now on your cup, looking at where it started and ended.
  5. Take out one of the frozen cups and put it in your plastic cup of Ice Melts (Labeled TM). Start your timer once the whole cup is on top of your ice cup. Time for 10 minutes, and once done, mark where the ice is now on your cup, looking at where it started and ended.
  6. Compare them and look at which one did the best when looking at where it started and ended.
    Salt creates a chemical reaction that generates heat. Due to this reaction, it raises the temperature of the ice and leads it to melt. Molecules from a solid object are closer together than a liquid but once frozen; these ice molecules become even closer. Salt will dissolve the constituent ions by getting in between water molecules, which forces them apart and leads them into melting back into the water. It will mostly turn into a slush over time and will not melt as quickly as the ice melts.
    Ice Melt works similarly but usually consists of sodium chloride and magnesium chloride, sometimes even Calcium Chloride. Ice Melt lowers the freezing point of the ice and forms a brine solution. The liquid brine melts the ice when it comes into contact with the ice.

Experiment #3: What temperature is best for Bath Bombs to work?

For this experiment, we’ll be focusing on what temperature of water is best to make a bath bomb work normal temperature or hot water.

Supplies:

2 Drinking Cups

2 Bath Bombs

Timer

Instructions:

  1. Put regular tap water up to the bottom lip of both cups. Make sure they are even.
  2. Take one of the water cups and start your timer once the bath bomb is entirely in the cup. Time for five minutes or until the bath bomb fully dissolves.
  3. Take the remaining cup and place it in the microwave for 2 minutes. If you feel uneasy about this, just fill your cup to the bottom lip of the cup with hot tap water. Time for five minutes or until the bath bomb fully dissolves.
  4. Most Bath Bombs are made up of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid by introducing h20 or water into the equation, the chemical reaction starts to produce CO2, which can be seen in the fizzy bubbles. The more fizzy bubbles or CO2 that is produced, the quicker the Bath Bomb will dissolve. The hotter your water is, the faster the Bath Bomb dissolves since the molecules bounce off each other faster than the room temperature water because it creates thermal energy.